西昌(chang)工(gong)(gong)字(zi)(zi)(zi)鋼(gang)(gang)主要分為(wei)(wei)普通工(gong)(gong)字(zi)(zi)(zi)鋼(gang)(gang)、輕型(xing)工(gong)(gong)字(zi)(zi)(zi)鋼(gang)(gang)和寬(kuan)翼緣工(gong)(gong)字(zi)(zi)(zi)鋼(gang)(gang)。按翼緣與(yu)腹(fu)(fu)板(ban)高(gao)度比又(you)分為(wei)(wei)寬(kuan)幅、中幅、窄幅寬(kuan)翼緣工(gong)(gong)字(zi)(zi)(zi)鋼(gang)(gang)。前二者生產的(de)規格(ge)為(wei)(wei)10—60號，即相(xiang)應的(de)高(gao)度為(wei)(wei)10cm—60cm。在相(xiang)同高(gao)度下，輕型(xing)工(gong)(gong)字(zi)(zi)(zi)鋼(gang)(gang)翼緣窄、腹(fu)(fu)板(ban)薄、重量(liang)輕。寬(kuan)翼緣工(gong)(gong)字(zi)(zi)(zi)鋼(gang)(gang)又(you)稱H型(xing)鋼(gang)(gang)，斷面(mian)特點是兩腿平行，且腿內側沒有(you)斜度。它屬于經濟斷面(mian)型(xing)鋼(gang)(gang)，是在四(si)輥..軋機上(shang)軋制的(de)，所以又(you)稱“..工(gong)(gong)字(zi)(zi)(zi)鋼(gang)(gang)”。普通工(gong)(gong)字(zi)(zi)(zi)鋼(gang)(gang)、輕型(xing)工(gong)(gong)字(zi)(zi)(zi)鋼(gang)(gang)已經形成國家標準。

孔型設計

工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)字(zi)鋼(gang)的(de)規格是用(yong)(yong)腰(yao)寬(kuan)的(de)厘米值(zhi)來表示(shi)的(de)，如(ru)10號工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)字(zi)鋼(gang)，其腰(yao)寬(kuan)為10cm。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)字(zi)鋼(gang)的(de)種類有熱軋(ya)(ya)普通(tong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)字(zi)鋼(gang)、輕型(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)字(zi)鋼(gang)和(he)(he)寬(kuan)平行腿工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)字(zi)鋼(gang)（H型(xing)鋼(gang)）。我國熱軋(ya)(ya)普通(tong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)字(zi)鋼(gang)的(de)腰(yao)寬(kuan)為100～630mm，表示(shi)為No.10～No.63，腿內側壁斜度(du)為1：6。軋(ya)(ya)制工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)字(zi)鋼(gang)的(de)孔型(xing)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)有直軋(ya)(ya)孔型(xing)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)、斜軋(ya)(ya)孔型(xing)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)和(he)(he)混合孔型(xing)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)。此外(wai)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)字(zi)鋼(gang)還(huan)可以(yi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)特殊軋(ya)(ya)法。

（1）直軋(ya)(ya)孔型(xing)系(xi)統(tong)。直軋(ya)(ya)孔型(xing)系(xi)統(tong)是指工字鋼孔型(xing)的兩個開口腿同(tong)時處于軋(ya)(ya)輥軸(zhou)線(xian)的同(tong)一側，腰與軋(ya)(ya)輥軸(zhou)線(xian)平行(xing)的孔型(xing)系(xi)統(tong)。

其優點是軋輥軸向(xiang)力小，軸向(xiang)竄動小，不(bu)需工(gong)作斜面，孔(kong)型占用輥身(shen)(shen)長度小，在輥身(shen)(shen)長度一定(ding)的(de)條(tiao)件下可多(duo)配孔(kong)型。

（2）斜軋孔型系統(tong)。這種孔型系統(tong)是指工(gong)字(zi)鋼孔型的(de)(de)兩個開口(kou)腿(tui)不同時處于腰部的(de)(de)同一側，腰與(yu)水平軸線(xian)有一夾(jia)角。

（3）混(hun)合孔型(xing)(xing)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)。根據軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)機和產(chan)品的特點(dian)，為充分(fen)發揮各自系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的優點(dian)，克(ke)服(fu)缺點(dian)，往(wang)往(wang)采(cai)用(yong)混(hun)合孔型(xing)(xing)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)，即(ji)兩種以上(shang)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的組合。如(ru)成品孔和成品前孔采(cai)用(yong)直腿斜軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)孔型(xing)(xing)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)，其他孔型(xing)(xing)采(cai)用(yong)彎腿斜軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)；或(huo)者(zhe)粗軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)孔采(cai)用(yong)直軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)，..3～4個精軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)孔采(cai)用(yong)直腿斜扎(zha)孔等。

（4）特殊軋(ya)法(fa)(fa)。由于某種(zhong)原因(yin)采用(yong)通常的軋(ya)制方(fang)法(fa)(fa)難以軋(ya)出要求的工(gong)字鋼(gang)時(shi)(shi)，可(ke)采用(yong)特殊軋(ya)法(fa)(fa)，充分利用(yong)不均勻(yun)變(bian)形和孔(kong)型設計的技巧。例如，當(dang)鋼(gang)坯斷面較窄而(er)要求軋(ya)制較寬的工(gong)字鋼(gang)時(shi)(shi)，可(ke)采用(yong)波浪(lang)式軋(ya)法(fa)(fa)；又如當(dang)坯料較寬而(er)要求軋(ya)制較小號工(gong)字鋼(gang)時(shi)(shi)，可(ke)采用(yong)負寬展軋(ya)制等。

工字鋼的應用特點

1、適用(yong)(yong)范圍(wei)局限：工字(zi)型(xing)鋼不(bu)論(lun)是普通(tong)型(xing)還是輕型(xing)的(de)，由于截面(mian)(mian)尺寸均相對較高、較窄，故(gu)對截面(mian)(mian)兩個主軸的(de)慣性矩相差較大(da)，故(gu)僅能直接用(yong)(yong)于在其(qi)腹板(ban)平面(mian)(mian)內受彎的(de)構(gou)件(jian)或將其(qi)組成格構(gou)式受力構(gou)件(jian)。對軸心受壓構(gou)件(jian)或在垂(chui)直于腹板(ban)平面(mian)(mian)還有(you)彎曲(qu)的(de)構(gou)件(jian)均不(bu)宜采(cai)用(yong)(yong)，這就使其(qi)在應用(yong)(yong)范圍(wei)上有(you)著很(hen)大(da)的(de)局限。工字(zi)鋼廣泛地(di)應用(yong)(yong)于建筑或 其(qi)他金屬結(jie)構(gou)。

2、根據(ju)各種性能選(xuan)擇合適的尺寸。

普通工字鋼，輕型工字鋼，由(you)于截面尺寸均(jun)相(xiang)對較高、較窄，故對截面兩個(ge)主軸的(de)慣性矩(ju)相(xiang)差較大，這(zhe)就使(shi)其在應用范圍上有(you)著很大的(de)局限(xian)。工字鋼的(de)使(shi)用應依據設計圖紙的(de)要求(qiu)進行選用。

在結構設計中選用工(gong)字(zi)鋼應依據其力(li)學性能，化學性能，可焊性能，結構尺(chi)寸(cun)等選擇(ze)合理的工(gong)字(zi)鋼進行使(shi)用。

工(gong)(gong)(gong)字(zi)(zi)鋼(gang)(gang)也稱鋼(gang)(gang)梁(liang)，是截面為(wei)(wei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)字(zi)(zi)形的長(chang)條鋼(gang)(gang)材。其規(gui)(gui)格以腰高(gao)(gao)( h)*腿寬(b)*腰厚(hou)(d)的毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)數(shu)表(biao)(biao)示(shi)，如“工(gong)(gong)(gong)160*88*6”，即表(biao)(biao)示(shi)腰高(gao)(gao)為(wei)(wei)160毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)、腿寬為(wei)(wei)88毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)、腰厚(hou)為(wei)(wei)6毫(hao)米(mi)(mi)的工(gong)(gong)(gong)字(zi)(zi)鋼(gang)(gang)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)字(zi)(zi)鋼(gang)(gang)的規(gui)(gui)格也可(ke)用型號表(biao)(biao)示(shi)，型號表(biao)(biao)示(shi)腰高(gao)(gao)的厘(li)米(mi)(mi)數(shu)，如工(gong)(gong)(gong)16#。腰高(gao)(gao)相同(tong)的工(gong)(gong)(gong)字(zi)(zi)鋼(gang)(gang)，如有幾種不同(tong)的腿寬和腰厚(hou)，需(xu)在型號右邊加a b c 予以區別，如32a# 32b# 32c#等。工(gong)(gong)(gong)字(zi)(zi)鋼(gang)(gang)分普(pu)通(tong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)字(zi)(zi)鋼(gang)(gang)和輕型工(gong)(gong)(gong)字(zi)(zi)鋼(gang)(gang)，熱(re)軋普(pu)通(tong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)字(zi)(zi)鋼(gang)(gang)的規(gui)(gui)格為(wei)(wei)10-63#。經供需(xu)雙方協議供應的熱(re)軋普(pu)通(tong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)字(zi)(zi)鋼(gang)(gang)規(gui)(gui)格為(wei)(wei)12-55#。工(gong)(gong)(gong)字(zi)(zi)鋼(gang)(gang)廣泛用于各種建筑結構(gou)、橋(qiao)梁(liang)、車輛、支架、機(ji)械(xie)等。

其規格以高(gao)(gao)×腿厚(hou)×腰厚(hou)表(biao)示，也可(ke)用號數(shu) 表(biao)示規格的主要尺寸。如18號工字鋼(gang)，表(biao)示高(gao)(gao)為(wei)18 cm的工字鋼(gang)。若高(gao)(gao)度相同 的工字鋼(gang)，則可(ke)在(zai)號數(shu)后(hou)面加(jia)注(zhu)角碼a或b或c予以表(biao)示，如36a、36b、 36c等(deng)。它分(fen)為(wei)普通工字鋼(gang)、輕型(xing)工字鋼(gang)和寬翼緣(yuan)工字鋼(gang)。按翼緣(yuan)與腹(fu)板高(gao)(gao)度 比又(you)分(fen)為(wei)寬幅、中幅、窄幅寬翼緣(yuan)工字鋼(gang)。前二者生產(chan)的規格為(wei)10—60號，即 相應的高(gao)(gao)度為(wei)10 cm—60 cm。

相(xiang)信(xin)通過以上(shang)小編為大(da)家(jia)總結的西昌(chang)工字(zi)鋼的相(xiang)關信(xin)息，如(ru)果對于以上(shang)內(nei)容還有疑問的話歡(huan)迎來電咨詢我司！